Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure which uses a special surgical instrument called a laparoscope to look inside the body, or to perform certain operations.

Laparoscopy is a procedure to look inside your abdomen by using a laparoscope. A laparoscope is like a thin telescope with a light source. It is used to light up and magnify the structures inside the abdomen. A laparoscope is passed into the abdomen through a small incision (cut) in the skin.

A laparoscopy may be done to find the cause of symptoms such as abdominal pain, pelvic pain, or swelling of the abdomen or pelvic region. Or, it may be done if a previous test such as an X-ray or  ultrasound scan has identified a problem within the abdomen or pelvis. A laparoscopy enables a doctor to see clearly inside your abdomen. Some common conditions which can be seen by laparoscopy include:

• Endometriosis
• Pelvic inflammatory disease
• Ovarian cyst
• Appendicitis
• Small intestine stricture
• Peritoneal, hepatic, omental lesions such as metastasis and tuberculosis

Laparoscopic surgery also referred to as minimally invasive surgery describes the performance of surgical procedures with the assistance of a video camera and several thin instruments. During the surgical procedure, small incisions of up to half an inch are made and plastic tubes called ports are placed through these incisions. The camera and the instruments are then introduced through the ports which allow access to the inside of the patient.

The camera transmits an image of the organs inside the abdomen onto a television monitor. The surgeon is not able to see directly into the patient without the traditional large incision. The video camera becomes a surgeon’s eyes in laparoscopy surgery, since the surgeon uses the image from the video camera positioned inside the patient’s body to perform the procedure.

• less post operative discomfort since the incisions are much smaller
• quicker recovery times
• shorter hospital stays
• earlier return to full activities
• much smaller scars
• there may be less internal scarring when the procedures are performed in a minimally invasive fashion compared to standard open surgery.

PROCEDURES WHICH CAN BE PERFORMED BY LAPAROSCOPY -

Abdominal Surgery

Gall Bladder Surgery

Advanced biliary surgery

• Choledochal cyst excision with hepaticojejnostomy
• CBD exploration for CBD stones

Hernia Surgery

• Inguinal-Total Extraperitoneal (TEP) Repair
• Incisional- Laparoscopic Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh (IPOM)
• Umbilical-Laparoscopic Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh (IPOM)
• Congenital Inguinal Hernia- Herniotomy

Appendicectomy

Lower end oesophagus

• Fundoplication (for gastroesophageal reflux disease-GERD)
• Mesh cruroplasty (for hiatus hernia)
• Cardiomyotomy (for Achalasia Cardia)

Vagotomy & Gastrojejunostomy(for gastric outlet obstruction)

Solid Organ Surgery

• Liver (Cysts, Abcesses)
• Spleen
• Kidney
• Pancreas
• Adrenals

Anorectal Surgery

• Mesh Rectopexy (for rectal prolapsed)

Colorectal cancer surgery 

• Laparoscopic Abdominoperineal Resection
• Laparoscopic Anterior Resection

Diagnostic Laparoscopy

• For undiagnosed abdominal pain, fever, swelling
• Intrabdominal lymph node biopsy
• Small bowel resection and anastomosis

Gynaecological Surgeries

• Total laparoscopic hysterectomy
• Myomectomy
• Salpingectomy
• Oophorectomy
• Ovarian cystectomy
• Endometrioma excision

Urology

• Nephrectomy
• Pyeloplasty
• Large kidney or uretric stone

Endoscopic Neck Surgery

• Parathyroid and thyroid surgery

Thoracoscopy

• Undiagnosed Pleural effusion
• Lymph Node and lung biopsy
• Pleural drainage for early empyema
• Decortication for late empyema
• Thymectomy

All types of Bariatric (OBESITY) Surgery for morbid obesity

• Laparoscopic Gastric banding
• Laparoscopic Roux- en-Y Gastric Bypass
• Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy  
• Laparoscopic Mini Gastric Bypass (MGB)